U.S. v. Birbal, No. 94-1320 (2nd Cir.) (62 F.3d 456) (August 2, 1995) (Judge James L. Oakes)
Here the Court ruled that a jury instruction which "gave the jury the clearly unlawful option of convicting on a lower standard of proof" was plain error.
This is an interesting case that deals with the definition of the term "reasonable doubt" and reviews many of the recent Supreme Court …
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